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Provenancing of drugs based on their elemental composition determined by Neutron Activation Analysis - Feasibility Study
Kučera, Jan ; Kameník, Jan ; Sabol, J. ; Šesták, B. ; Kolář, P. ; Roman, M.
We analyzed five samples of heroine and five samples of cocaine seized in the Czech Repulic using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). In the heroine speciments, we determined 16 trace elements in at least one of the samples analyzed, in the cocaine speciment, 9 trace elements could be determined. We have found remarkable differences, up to several orders of magnitude, in contents of the elements Na, Cl, Zna and Br, especially in the heroine samples. The accuracy of INAA results was proved by simultaneous analysis of a certified reference material NIST SRM 1547 Peach Leaves. The results of trace element determination in heroine samples are compard with those published by autors from abroad. The results obtained show a high potential of INAA for the drug elemental characteriaztion aimed at determination of their provenance, procedures used for their manufacturing and purification and cutting for the end users. The results achieved also suggest that it is desirable to analyze more samples with the final aim of establishing a database of elemental composition of drugs seized in the Czech Republic, which could possibly be extended later, in cooperation with foreign drug abuse and police bodies, at the international level.
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An Analysis of Female Characters in Contemporary Fantasy'
Čabartová, Kristýna ; Clark, Colin Steele (advisor) ; Beran, Zdeněk (referee)
- English The thesis analyzed female characters in contemporary fantasy while aiming to determine if there were any significant changes occurring, which would cause the female characters to be perceived as 'original' or 'revolutionary'. The first chapter focused on the definition of terms, deciding to consider contemporary high fantasy as literature written after 1945 of the "genre of imaginative fiction involving magic" set into a fictional world that has its own system of laws and rules by which it abides. It also outlined ideas of a number of critics on the subject of female roles and stereotypes in literature and agreed that while female characters are continuously evolving they are still largely stereotypical. In reference to this information, the second chapter analyzed concrete characters in chosen texts (The Lord of the Rings from J. R. R. Tolkien, A Wizard of Earthsea and The Tombs of Atuan by Ursula LeGuin, and A Game of Thrones by George Martin) to see the extent by which they are subjected to stereotypes. The results showed that female characters are greatly stereotypical; however, they are more likely to become more complex and dynamic in the more modern texts. The Questionnaire in the third chapter showed that readers are prone to notice these qualities and that they perceive them as...
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Heroines and Gabriela Preissová. Female characters in Czech realistic drama.
Fialová, Iveta ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Merhaut, Luboš (referee)
Abstraction The aim of this thesis is to collect materials which are related to the plays of Gabriela Preissová. That is to gather in particular contemporary reviews dealing with the way that female characters were treated in the writer's tragedies. Due to these resources the circumstances of the composition of these plays and the historical responses are then outlined in the individual parts of the thesis. Further, various female characters and the main issues contained in the plays, are being analyzed. The main purpose of this work is to describe and define the female character in the plays of Gabriela Preissová. Key words: drama, realism, Gabriela Preissová, heroine.
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